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88 Glossary
firewall Software that protects the network applications running on your server. IP
firewall service, which is part of Mac OS X Server software, scans incoming IP packets
and rejects or accepts these packets based on a set of filters you create.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) A protocol that allows computers to transfer files over a
network. FTP clients using any operating system that supports FTP can connect to a file
server and download files, depending on their access privileges. Most Internet browsers
and a number of freeware applications can be used to access an FTP server.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) The client/server protocol for the World Wide Web.
The HTTP protocol provides a way for a web browser to access a web server and
request hypermedia documents created using HTML.
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) An organization responsible for
allocating IP addresses, assigning protocol parameters, and managing domain names.
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) A message control and error-reporting
protocol used between host servers and gateways. For example, some Internet
software applications use ICMP to send a packet on a round-trip between two hosts to
determine round-trip times and discover problems on the network.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) An Internet protocol used by hosts and
routers to send packets to lists of hosts that want to participate, in a process known as
multicasting. QuickTime Streaming Server (QTSS) uses multicast addressing, as does
Service Location Protocol (SLP).
IP (Internet Protocol) Also known as IPv4. A method used with Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) to send data between computers over a local network or the Internet. IP
delivers packets of data, while TCP keeps track of data packets.
IP address A unique numeric address that identifies a computer on the Internet.
IP subnet A portion of an IP network, which may be a physically independent network
segment, that shares a network address with other portions of the network and is
identified by a subnet number.
IPSec A security addition to IP. A protocol that provides data transmission security for
L2TP VPN connections. IPSec acts at the network layer, protecting and authenticating IP
packets between participating IPSec nodes.
IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) The next generation communication protocol to
replace IP (also known as IPv4). IPv6 allows a greater number of network addresses and
can reduce routing loads across the Internet.
LL2351.Book Page 88 Monday, September 8, 2003 2:47 PM