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72 Chiller System Design and Control SYS-APM001-EN
Chilled-Water System Variations
One option is to equip one or more parallel chillers with the refrigerant
migration cycle (Figure 43). This essentially turns the chiller into a shell-and-
tube heat exchanger run-around loop.
Figure 43. Water economizer piped in parallel with chillers
Well, river, or lake water
There are times when well, river, or lake water will be pumped through the
condenser. In these cases, examine the cost of pumping the water versus the
benefit of more water passing through the condenser. The environmental
limitations imposed by local codes are another consideration. Some locales
will not allow well water to be dumped after being used. Other local
authorities limit the maximum water temperature that may be returned to a
Figure 42. Refrigerant migration chiller in free-cooling mode
Compressor
Evaporator
Conditioner
Economizers
Refrigerant
Storage Tank
Cooling Tower
Chiller 1
Chiller 2
Refrigerant Migration Chiller
Bypass Line
Distribution
Pump
Chilled-Water
Loop